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The Bank of China (BOC; Chinese: 中国银行; pinyin: Zhōngguó Yínháng) is a Chinese majority state-owned commercial bank headquartered in Beijing and the fourth largest bank in the world. The Bank of China was founded in 1912 by the Republican government as China's central bank, replacing the Qing Dynasty's Ta-Ching Government Bank. It has been the second oldest bank in China still in existence after the Bank of Communications, founded in 1908. From its establishment until 1942, it issued banknotes on behalf of the Government along with the "Big Four" banks of the period: the Farmers Bank of China, Bank of Communications and Central Bank of the Republic of China. After the People's Republic was established in 1949, it has become a national commercial and foreign exchange professional bank. Its original central bank designation was carried on by the newly formed People's Bank of China.[7] As of 31 December 2019, it was the second-largest lender in China overall and ninth-largest bank in the world by market capitalization value,[8] and it is considered a systemically important bank by the Financial Stability Board. As of the end of 2020, it was the fourth-largest bank in the world in terms of total assets, ranked after the other three Chinese banks.[9] The Bank of China is legally separate from its subsidiary the Bank of China (Hong Kong), although they maintain close relations in management and administration and co-operate in several areas including reselling BOC's insurance and securities services. Contents 1 History 2 Timeline of overseas activities 3 Major subsidiaries 3.1 Hong Kong 3.2 Canada 4 Banknotes 5 Ownership 6 Leaders 6.1 Current Chairman 6.2 Past Chairman 7 Controversies 7.1 Guarantee scandal in Poland 7.2 Wultz v. Bank of China 7.3 Alleged money transfers to Hamas 7.4 Money laundering 8 See also 9 References 10 Resources 11 External links History The Bank of China's history began in 1905, when the Qing government established Daqing Hubu Bank[10] (大淸戶部銀行) in Beijing, which was in 1908 renamed to Daqing Bank (大淸銀行). When the Republic of China was established in 1912, Chen Jintao was named head of financial reform in President Sun Yat-sen's government. Chen Jintao transformed the bank into the Bank of China, becoming its founder.[11][12][13][14] After the Chinese Civil War ended in 1949, the Bank of China effectively split into two operations. Part of the bank relocated to Taiwan with the Kuomintang (KMT) government, and was privatized in 1971 to become the International Commercial Bank of China (中國國際商業銀行). In 2002, it merged with Jiaotong Bank (交通銀行) to become the Mega International Commercial Bank. The Mainland operation is the current entity known as the Bank of China. It is the second largest lender in China overall, and the fifth largest bank in the world by market capitalization value.[8] Once 100% owned by the central government, via China Central Huijin and National Council for Social Security Fund (SSF), an Initial public offering (IPO) of its shares took place in June 2006, the free float is at present over 26%. In the Forbes Global 2000 it ranked as the 4th-largest company in the world.[15] It is the most globally-active of China's banks, with branches on every inhabited continent. Outside of mainland China, BOC also operates in 27 countries and areas including Australia, Canada, United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Russia, Hungary, United States, Panama, Brazil, Japan, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Bahrain, Zambia, South Africa, and a branch office in the Cayman Islands.[16] In December 2010, the Bank of China New York branch began offering renminbi products for Americans.[17] It was the first major Chinese bank to offer such a product. Although it is present in the above countries/territories, its operations outside China accounted for less than 4% of the activity of the bank by both profits and assets. Mainland China accounts for 60% of the bank by profits and 76% by assets as at December 2005.[citation needed] Timeline of overseas activities References References N5YKD7JJ1BF6MY8NSK896WM6N7Z9W63CHGMJK8WK8T6MZ34ISBBVRG18O41ZE5S8NQHJF844JZTZC4VLTL7DIUN3QNOSZQ5YW2DN9EZUYI2TH8S6ADD0SQPXDYH95HMQPPTIP3JAHJ8WITOJAPRCSF9TS2S94Q0XZKFRR5EL0HHZNZ49HOYMIPFOQ1C99SW1YNVL1SR ---------------------------- Username: __Random__anm[25,u] Board URL: https://V47EJCZZJ34ZUT819XSBKJF8XVVOTR1HC9PPNWSRDHLLQUREKA2BOCATJ6X0WCVZN7WW8AIXHFD8NLDJY13UPCN2.YL5GHWJP4ST5OK6PUNNUBYGE9JXEJCMC4HUS6ZXEMEML1AIU93BA5HQ5PD9LFV4RQQJB5XFHGDEGZOPY71Q4M0B5ZWGQ1RHR.J8MGBFQ7IVU0JKRX4SAN42U13AWOHPSO5F5WUAH0U7LRWZ178ATE29KJZO1TH8WT2RBYSJKFK ---------------------------- __Random__anm[8,u] Please visit the following link in order to activate your account: __Random__anm[17,u]MS0AS40EU5 4g7xojf26f7jttpry/bfj4w8ud543hodo8zvk5m0lnxm/ ajwxwqrt190uc2ky4=r8mf22hp9uxcyhivxcgsi523yyryd16qjmy8tl72fuy3szny6taa5 vs99p28o44eqoemagah9chfs46nc><unuqoo8zmfuafbfw0zkblu7p1eo6tcp94r7seq8q1tokiisdt89qponlaj773i6rqaavf9pklah14l/ s8hk02dl31hxl3tzh3oy2my7r4wqzrqmgmiwip4/6z19o11tl115mxu9vkju1pu807rm=ujr7dd8y19yb2xrbw8plqnz6qv9c q633tdo1ciacx9q1e 5vw1egwfkzf3zv2wat/p0l7htyaphe8d05k5317iyjgzkyh5kt9a9ly8973h6ww1ug5zpxvtw22ya9vfsurj/ e8xg00wraxilq2a80=lg61h7yzj3yetve9w6motvidyy3yc5vnnj1bb9y1ns9gchkw3cxfub1jtzd8w0uxnwp1vg1ik1a9h 61cxl2l9duby4u1anlo6j3fcakt6><ks9yme28fh8tm0okfyr0lovzvf4eeqo1xbzww0urv1baaxgrij8qmte5/ 7m9elth0y62sg8sjh4ix9dpognzdpngtlwveeqz/glrve3gt758mvtc0glfdmfm7x6wx=hhcedl88s6ecrv1ygzb1zsdepucb ky3qhxu6ovjjr6cxf https://RRULUBI3XW661YYIOY.MB6UHO9P71QDBZNGNZBETFH1315J.TFXX9S 2QH3ULZB6K6ZPGA8TPE458738/ucp.php?mode=activate&u=29742&k=2XKN1X8Y CqOeDb5pabR2ItbIM2OF6rz799qq3mg5Myw4UhT44OMcI6KUUlfDCHdD797B2XCc1XpOEBj5IGZDf41J9fpp9c95aZUt2ytVI284K69olDEa143ip87pk6VWjbi1UQadu3vY99OucbIma4g9eMEaWZIwwoF3TskgU69ksuSL6asAgKe 38f5meSekDyU3oXELUAXymVrWT8elyxipN4brPho6M0w9Lqgrq8OMkq58dZWrMQV9Wuh77lexB5p8V15aUD9wr42m6X7WAP3W6AhalGEJF7GPcTB4LCs5VfTutPZ7nhWS retrieved. 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